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Press Release
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Chinese Winds and Strings Series - The Plucked Strings
 | Chinese plucked string instruments - from Tang to Now A conglomeration of virtuosi in Hong Kong
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The concert features virtuosi in plucked string music from the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong. The Taipei Liuqin Ensemble and five of the recitalists representing different generations in the Chinese music world will be performing a programme of exotic sounds on the liuqin and the ruanxian. Yan Huichang, Artistic Director, and Yuen Shi-chun, Research Development Officer (Musical Instrument) of the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra will be navigating the audience in a highly enlightening concert experience through the time tunnel.
The Taipei Liuqin Ensemble was established in 1993 by Cheng Chui-ping and her students. The aim of the Ensemble is to explore the possibilities of orchestrating Chinese plucked strings instruments to achieve an acoustic breakthrough by using the liuqin and the ruanxian, both played with a plectrum, as the core instruments. They act as a bonding agent for the other plucked string instruments - the daruan, zhongruan, xiaoruan, alto liuqin and soprano liuqin - as well as percussions to create a poignant tone colour that is uniquely Chinese. The bright and splendorous sounds, with their highly flexible and rich tones, create a refreshingly different overall acoustic effect. The versatility of the configuration means it can play a repertoire of music from China and the West. The first half of the programme illustrates that versatility with Anitra's Dance, the well-known piece from Grieg's Peer Gynt; a light-hearted French ballad, La Rochelle, played on the xiaoruan; the Hungarian dance music, Czardas, written by Monti and performed by Tai Pei-yao as a liuqin concerto; and the airy, uplifting sounds of Pizzicato Polka by Johann Strauss II and Josef Strauss. There will also be original compositions for the plucked string instruments. One is A Song Without Words by Zhu Lin, and the other is A Cat's Song Without Words, a lovely piece that portrays feline grace and the rapport between cats and humans, performed by Chen Yi-chien.
Tai Pei-yao, who will be the soloist in the first half of the programme, is currently teaching at the Hwa Kang Arts School in Taiwan. A member of the Taipei Liuqin Ensemble, she has come first in the Liuqin and Pipa Sections of the All Taiwan Music Competition. Chen Yi-chien is currently a full-time lecturer in the Chinese Music Department of the Tainan National College of the Arts, a part-time lecturer in the Chinese Music Department of the Chinese Culture University and a principal of the Taipei Liuqin Chamber Orchestra. The soloists in the second half of the programme are Yuen Shi-chun and Ho Kang-ming, both Chinese music virtuosi in Hong Kong. Ho was a former full-time musician with the HKCO, and retired from the professional scene in 1982. He is making a special comeback in a collaboration with Yuen to perform Liyun Chunsi. Ho and Yuen will be playing Tang-style ruanxian and Ming-style pipa. Di Yang, who came from the China Conservatory of Music in Beijing and now Liuqin Principal with the HKCO, will be performing two movements from Sketches of Life in the North by Liu Xijin, The Fishermen's Song and Winter Hunt.
Marking a grand finale of the concert are selections from Symphony No. 3 by Liu Xing, and the final movement of Ode to Peace by Zhao Jiping, performed by the HKCO and the Taipei Liuqin Ensemble.
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Highlights of the Programme
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Ode to Peace
When Zhao Jiping's Ode to Peace was premiered last year at the Labour Day Festival in Nanjing, it was an overwhelming sea of sounds featuring a chorus accompanied by a160-piece orchestra made up of the three Chinese orchestras from the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong: the Nanjing Folk Orchestra, the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra and the Taipei Chinese Orchestra. The 43-minute premiere performance features all five movements of the work: Nanking and the River, A River of Tears, The River Laments, The River's Quest, and Ode to Peace. Only the last movement is performed in this concert. The toll of the Bell of Peace rings again, in echo of the first movement. The theme of Jasmine is introduced by the plucked instruments, then repeated by the erhu in a clear-cut melodic line. As it reaches the last section, the chorus joins in with their a cappella singing, against a rising crescendo of bells, drums and percussions, culminating in a climactic close that reiterates mankind's yearning for peace. The central idea behind Zhao's Ode to Peace is not on the wars and sufferings, but a clarion call to all mankind to strive for peace in the world through an intensely conjured up image in music of the horrific deeds and trauma for the victims. This is Zhao's latest masterpiece, shining with a soulful cry for peace, a generosity of heart and a message that there should be no more wars on earth.
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Know your Chinese
music
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Liuqin & Ruanxian
Both the liuqin and the ruanxian are plucked string instruments played with a plectrum. The instrument got its name from Ruan Xian, one of the 'Seven Wisemen of the Bamboo Grove' of the Jin Dynasty said to be a virtuoso in playing this instrument. It is also known as Qin pipa. The ruanxian continued to develop over the centuries, and by the Song Dynasty, there were many types of the instrument, and came to be called ruan for short. It is also the prototype for later instruments, such as the yueqin and Qin qin. The playing techniques of the ruanxian led to the development of another instrument, the pipa. The soundbox of the instrument was enlarged during the 1950's, with more frets added to become the small, medium, large and bass versions called zhongruan, daruan. The ancient form of the ruanxian has become extinct.
The shape of the liuqin looks like a "liu (willow) leaf", hence its name. It is a popular instrument in Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu. Originally the liuqin was an alto instrument fitted with two strings and seven frets. It was reformed into a soprano plucked instrument with four strings and twenty-nine frets in the 1950's. Its range is as wide as four octaves, comparable to that of a violin. It is a plucked-string instrument for playing high-pitched melodies.
Yuen Shi-chun designed improved models of liuqin with double resonators that give better acoustic quality and tone colour. The high notes are bright, crisp yet smooth, while the middle and low notes are rich and robust. In 1992, Yuen won a Class Two Award for Technology Advancement from the Chinese Ministry of Culture. In 1993, he designed the alto liuqin and tenor liuqin to complete the family of liuqins. His experiments and research on the ruan came to a head in 1995, when he revived the ancient ruanxian. The revived model passed the standards set by the Ministry of Culture of China in 1996, and in October the same year, he was presented with the same award for the consort of ruanxian he made.
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Music from the Heart
Talk hosted by Liu Xing
4.5.2005(Wed) 7:30pm No 1 Rehearsal Room, Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra (Conducted in Mandarin)
Fee:$50 (Free for FoHKCO) Reservations:3185 1670
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| Programme |
Plucked-string Ensemble
Pizzicato Polka Johann Strauss II & Josef Strauss Arr. by Lee Ying
Anitra's Dance Grieg Edvard Arr. by Liu Yu-jun
La Rochelle French Folk Song Arr. by Lu Liang-hui
Liuqin Concerto Czardas Vincenzo Monti Arr. by Chuang Cheng-Ying
Liuqin: Tai Pei-yao
Plucked-string Ensemble A Song Without Words Zhu Lin Arr. by Chang Yung-chin
Liuqin Concerto A Cat's Song Without Words Su Wen-cheng
First Movement Andante Pussy Lightfoot
Second Movement Largo The Cat Princess
Third Movement Allegro Cats' at Play
Liuqin: Chen Yi-chien
Performed by Taipei Liuqin Ensemble
Ruanxian and Pipa Liyun Chunsi Ancient Melody Compiled by The Wind and Silk
Tang-style Ruanxian: Yuen Shi-chun Ming-style Pipa: Ho Kang-ming
Liuqin and Orchestra/Solo Sketches of Life in the North (Excerpts) Liu Xijin
Fingering as devised by Feng Shaoxian
Fishing Song
Winter Hunting
Liuqin: Di Yang
Ensemble Symphony No. 3 (Excerpts) Arr. by Liu Xing (Arrangement commissioned by Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra/ Premiere)
Performed by Taipei Liuqin Ensemble and Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra
Ensemble Ode to Peace (Excerpts) Zhao Jiping
The 5th Movement Ode to Peace
Performed by Taipei Liuqin Ensemble and Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra
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| Date:
6.5.2005
Time: 8:00 pm |
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Venue:
Hong Kong City Hall Concert Hall |
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6.5.2005
$150, 130, 110, 90
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Yan
Huichang
Conductor |
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National Class One Conductor. As a conductor who has worked with all professional Chinese orchestras in Beijing, Shanghai, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong, Yan has won the acclaim of the music circles in China and abroad for his artistic and conducting talents.
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Under his baton, and in collaboration with the famous composer Zhao Jiping, the Symphony Orchestra section of the China National Symphony Orchestra made the soundtrack recordings for such award-winning films as Raise the Red Lantern, Ballad of the Yellow River, and Five Girls and a Rope.
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Yan was awarded the "Cultural Medallion (Music)" by the National Arts Council of Singapore in September 2001. Since 2004, he has been a Visiting Professor in many music conservatories. Yan was awarded a Bronze Bauhinia Star (BBS) by the Chief Executive of HKSAR in 2004 in recognition of his remarkable achievements in Chinese music as well as his efforts in promoting Chinese music.
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Yuen Shi-chun
Navigator/ Tang-style Ruanxian |
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Yuen Shi-chun was born into a family of architects in Hong Kong, having studied civil engineering himself. He joined the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra in 1974 and was appointed Liuqin Principal in 1987, and is currently the Research Development Officer (Musical Instrument).
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He has been on the staff of the Chinese University and the Music Office of Hong Kong since 1980 and has groomed many outstanding musicians under his hand. He is currently an ex-co member of the China Folk Orchestral Music Society and a consultant to many manufacturers of musical instruments in China and other parts of the world. In 1993, he was appointed one of the Experts of Chinese Musical Instrument Improvement and the Technology Advancement Award Adjudication Committee of the Ministry of Culture. The modified instruments he created have been used in recordings and film tapes by radio and television stations. He has given performing tours and talks in Asia, Europe, America and Australia. For the past two decades, Yuen has been conducting a self-financed project dedicated to the improvement and design of Chinese instruments. He has re-created some of the ancient Chinese instruments dating back to the Tang Dynasty
(618-907). They include the Tang-style ruanxian, Tang-style wuxian and the quxiang (crooked-neck) pipa. He has created modified models of liuqin with double resonators and a ruanxian series. He was presented with a National Class Three Technology Advancement Award and a Class Two Technology Advancement Award from the Ministry of Culture of China.
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The two families of modified instruments are now being used by Chinese orchestras all over the world, not only in China. Yuen also assisted his disciple, Cheng Tsui-pin, in the setting up of the first liuqin chamber ensemble in the world in Taipei in 1993. The ensemble has now become a notable group on the Taiwan music scene. He also assisted the Guangzhou No. 7 Middle School to set up a ruanxian ensemble in 1998. It came top in the Folk Music Section of the Schools Music Festival of Guangdong Province in 1999. In Hong Kong, he founded a ruanxian ensemble in 2002. Yuen has introduced academic research and performing arts for the re-creation and modification of modern instruments, thus casting influence on the international music and academic sectors. He was presented with the Award for Artistic Achievements by the Hong Kong Arts Development Council.
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Di Yang
Liuqin |
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Di Yang was born in Beijing in 1980. He showed a keen interest in music at a young age, and began learning the liuqin when he was only four, under Mr. Zhang Chunxiang. He was accepted by the Folk Music Ensemble of the Arts Troupe of the Chinese Youngstersˇ¦ Activity Centre at the age of five as a soloist, and began his music training under Liu Xing in the same year. He has visited Singapore, Russia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Japan and France both as part of the delegation of the troupe and as a soloist.
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Di is a winner of many competitions, including a Class Two Award at the 1987 National Junior Chinese Instrumental Competition (Primary School Section), another Class Two Award at the first Beijing City Instrumental Grand Prix for Primary and Secondary School Students in 1992, and consecutive Class One awards at the Beijing City Junior Chinese Instrumental Competition and the Beijing City Arts Festival for Primary and Secondary School Students between 1986 and 1993. He was under the tutelage of Zhang Xinhua, Wang Hongyi and Weiwei during that period.
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Di entered the China Conservatory of Music with outstanding results in 1999, where he continued to receive training under Wei Wei. He joined the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra as a Liuqin Principal in 2004.
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Ho Kang-ming
Ming-style Pipa |
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Born and educated in Hong Kong, Ho Kang-ming began learning the pipa at a young age. He has a keen interest in the ancient repertoire, particularly in the more lyrical and expressive wenban.
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Ho was a full-time musician with the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra between 1976 and 1980, having performed with the Orchestra in the U.K., Hong Kong and Singapore and in recording for radio and television. He is devoted to blazing new trails for Chinese instrumental music, and over the years, he has premiered new pipa pieces by Law Wing-fai, Chan Wing-wah, Richard Tsang and Man-yee Lam of Hong Kong, and Hsu Po-yun of Taiwan. In 1981, he joined hands with Ms Chan Man-chong, a pipa virtuoso in Hong Kong, and the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra in premiering Chan Wing-wah's Symphony No. 2 for double pipa and orchestra. It was a milestone in the history of Hong Kong music because it was the first time a Chinese traditional instrument shared the stage with a philharmonic orchestra in performing a modern work in Hong Kong. Ho left the music scene in 1982 and has been a businessman since then.
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He picked up the pipa again in 1998 and formed the "Wind and Silk" group with his friends, Yuen Shi-chun, Tam Po-shek and Yu Siu-wah, with the aim of revitalizing the authentic timbre of 'silk and bamboo' and promoting Chinese traditional music
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Taipei Liuqin Ensemble |
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The Taipei Liuqin Ensemble was established in 1993 by vocalist of Chinese folk songs, Cheng Chui-ping, who is also its founding director and concertmaster. All its members are young musicians dedicated to the art of liuqin performance.
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The aim of the Ensemble is to explore the possibilities of orchestrating Chinese plucked strings instruments to achieve breakthroughs and to discover new talents in the field. The acoustic concept of the ensemble is to use the liuqin and the ruanxian, both played with a plectrum, as the core instruments to give consistency in techniques while at the same time, create harmonious and pure tones. The fluidity of moving from low to high register with the daruan, zhongruan, xiaoruan, alto liuqin and soprano liuqin highlights the stylistic features of Chinese music and at the same time, creates a refreshingly different overall acoustic effect. The Ensemble is noted for its uniform performance standards, rapport between its members, and brilliant, rounded and richly varied tone colours. This type of configuration for a music ensemble has opened up a new form of performance and sound for modern Chinese music.
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Since its first establishment, the Ensemble has given more than a hundred performances to critical acclaim. It has toured Guam, Honolulu, Santa Barbara, Las Vegas, Hong Kong, Beijing and Guangzhou. Everywhere it went, it has received critical acclaim.
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Chen I-chien
Liuqin |
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Chen I-chien comes from Taipei, and graduated from the Department of Music of the Chinese Culture University in 1995 where she studied Chinese Music. She was conferred the degree of Master of Fine Arts in 1998 by the University after taking the postgraduate course in Music Performance. Her teachers included Wang Cheng-ping, Cheng Tsui-pin, Wang Shi-jong, Wang Hsiu-chen, Chi Yung-pin, Cheng Shih-wen, Kuo Lan-li et al.
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Chen was with the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra between 1997 and 1999 as a full-time Musician (liuqin) and Acting Principal. She is currently a lecturer in the Chinese Music Department of the Tainan National College of the Arts.
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Tai Pei-yao
Liuqin |
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Tai Pei-yao started learning the liuqin under Ms Cheng Tsui-pin when she was young, and has received coaching from other virtuosi in the art from such as Yuen Shi-chun, Zhang Xinhua and Gao Huaxin. She learned the pipa from Hsu Lun-chien at the age of thirteen, and won the first prize in liuqin and pipa solo in many Taiwan music competitions. She graduated from the Chinese Culture University studying Chinese Music in 1999.
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She is a subject teacher at the Taipei Private Hwa Kang Arts School and a liuqin instructor of the Chinese orchestra of the Taipei Municipal Guang Fu Primary School.
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Liu Xing
Special Guest |
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In 1978, Liu Xing was admitted to the Shanghai Music conservatory, first at the Folk Music Department and later changed to the Theories of Composition in folk Music. His compositions include chamber works Between Heaven & Earth (Yueqin and Orchestra). He graduated in 1982, major in yueqin. He was assigned to work in the Heilongjiang Provincial Song & Dance Theatre upon graduation. In 1984 he wrote Folk Symphony No. 2. He has been composing on a freelance basis since 1985.
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Liuˇ¦s other compositions include zhongruan concerto In Rmembrance of Yunnan, Animal Suite, Plucked-string Ensemble April.
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